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PTFE
ISO N (non-ferrous)Some makers: ISO O (other (outside the six ISO groups))Tool makers differ on the ISO workpiece group: MAPAL (machining group N4-1 "thermoplastics" under symbol N of DIN ISO 513, with PA and PE given as examples. PTFE is not named): N[4]; Sandvik Coromant: O (Thermoplastics and thermosets are grouped under O (Other, outside ISO))[5]. Choose insert grades and data according to the maker of the tool you use.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (fluoroplastic. It cannot be melt-processed; compression-molded or ram-extruded blocks and rods are machined for use). Standard: ISO 13000-1 (PTFE semi-finished products), ISO 20568-1 (fluoroplastic molding and extrusion materials), ASTM D4894 (molding powder), ASTM D3294 (molded sheet and block), ASTM D1710 (extruded rod).
📄Related standards (ISO, ASTM, JIS)
Standards that define the material or stock shapes. Standard texts are paid, so only titles and scopes checked on public pages are shown.
| Spec | Scope | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 13000-1:2021 | Plastics — Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) semi-finished products — Part 1: Requirements and designationRequirements and designation for unfilled PTFE semi-finished products (machined stock) (the body text of the iso.org page could not be retrieved; confirmed from search results) | One source / reference[8] |
| ISO 20568-1:2017 | Plastics — Fluoropolymer dispersions and moulding and extrusion materials — Part 1: Designation system and basis for specificationsDesignation of fluoroplastic molding and extrusion materials. Successor to the withdrawn ISO 12086-1:2006 (confirmed from search results) | One source / reference[9] |
| ASTM D1710-15(2021) | Standard Specification for Extruded Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Rod, Heavy Walled Tubing and Basic ShapesRequirements for extruded (and compression-molded) PTFE rod and heavy-wall tube. Products conforming to D3294 can be used in place of D1710, but not the reverse | Agrees in 2+ sources[3] |
| ASTM D3294-22 | Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Resin Molded Sheet and Molded Basic ShapesRequirements for molded PTFE sheet and molded block (the title is from the D3294-15 page; the current edition is confirmed from search results) | One source / reference[10][11] |
| ASTM D4894 | Standard for granular PTFE material for molding and ram extrusion (title and edition not confirmed on this page) | One source / reference[3] |
| JIS K 6891 | Appears in the documents as a test method for PTFE molding powder | One source / reference[2][6] |
All ASTM standards on Kezuriba: ASTM standards quick reference.
📋Typical properties
Plastic properties vary with maker, grade and processing. These are makers’ published typical values, not guaranteed values. For design, check the data sheet of the grade you use.
| Property | Value | Test method | Source of value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength | 20–35 MPa | ASTM D638 | Typical value range (PTFE values from the Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association's "Fluoroplastics Handbook, 14th revised edition". Table reproduced in the NICHIAS catalog) One source / reference[2] |
| Tensile strength | 22 MPa | ASTM D4894 | Typical value (Ensinger TECAFLON PTFE natural, machined stock) One source / reference[1] |
| Tensile strength | 32.4 MPa | JIS K 6891 | Typical value (NICHIAS NAFLON pure PTFE. Pure PTFE column of the "Properties of filled PTFE" table) One source / reference[2] |
| Flexural modulus | 0.53–0.58 GPa | ASTM D790 | Typical value range (PTFE values from the Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association's "Fluoroplastics Handbook, 14th revised edition". Reproduced in the NICHIAS catalog) One source / reference[2] |
| Durometer hardness (Shore D) | 55 Shore D | ASTM D2240 (Ensinger) | Typical value (Ensinger TECAFLON PTFE natural, NICHIAS NAFLON pure PTFE. The Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association table gives D50–55. Ensinger's DIN EN ISO 868 value is 59) Agrees in 2+ sources[1][2] |
| Rockwell hardness | R20 Rockwell R scale | ASTM D785 | Typical value (PTFE values from the Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association's "Fluoroplastics Handbook, 14th revised edition". Reproduced in the NICHIAS catalog) One source / reference[2] |
| Deflection temperature under load (1.8 MPa) | 55 ℃ | ASTM D648 (1.81 MPa. At 0.45 MPa it is 120°C) | Typical value (PTFE values from the Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association's "Fluoroplastics Handbook, 14th revised edition". Reproduced in the NICHIAS catalog) One source / reference[2] |
| Continuous use temperature (guideline) | 260 ℃ | The Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association table gives "maximum use temperature (continuous)". Ensinger gives long-term use temperature (conditions not stated) | Typical value (Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association table, Ensinger TECAFLON PTFE natural. Ensinger's short-term value is also 260°C) Agrees in 2+ sources[2][1] |
| Coefficient of linear thermal expansion | 10 ×10⁻⁵/℃ | ASTM D696 (temperature range not stated) | Typical value (PTFE values from the Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association's "Fluoroplastics Handbook, 14th revised edition". Reproduced in the NICHIAS catalog) One source / reference[2] |
| Coefficient of linear thermal expansion | 11 (machine direction, MD) / 10 (cross direction, CD) (25–100°C) ×10⁻⁵/℃ | NICHIAS measurement (25–150°C is 12/11, 25–200°C is 14/12, 25–250°C is 17/16) | Typical value (NICHIAS NAFLON pure PTFE) One source / reference[2] |
| Coefficient of linear thermal expansion | 13 (23–100℃) ×10⁻⁵/K | ASTM D696 (longitudinal direction) | Typical value (Ensinger TECAFLON PTFE natural) One source / reference[1] |
| Water absorption (23°C water, 24 h) | 0.01 % | ASTM D570 | Typical value (Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association table, Ensinger TECAFLON PTFE natural (23°C, time not stated). NICHIAS NAFLON pure PTFE is 0.00 (3.2 mm thick, 24 h)) Agrees in 2+ sources[2][1] |
| Melting point | 327 ℃ | Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association table (test method column is blank) | Typical value (PTFE values from the Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association's "Fluoroplastics Handbook, 14th revised edition". Reproduced in the NICHIAS catalog) One source / reference[2] |
| Melting point | 339 (first heating) / 324 (second heating) ℃ | DSC melting peak temperature | Typical value (Daikin NEW POLYFLON PTFE M-112, molding powder. First heating is on unsintered powder; second heating is the value after it has been melted once) One source / reference[6] |
⚖Density
2.15 g/cm³
Ensinger TECAFLON PTFE natural is 2.15, and Daikin M-112 has a standard specific gravity (ASTM D4894) of 2.15. NICHIAS NAFLON pure PTFE has a specific gravity of 2.17, and the Japan Fluoroplastics Industry Association table gives 2.13–2.20 (ASTM D792)
Calculate weight in PTFE →🏷Common trade names (makers)
Plastics are often called by a maker’s product name. Names are trademarks of their owners.
- POLYFLON PTFE (NEW POLYFLON PTFE M-112 and other M series) (Daikin Industries)Resin (powder for compression molding). M-112 is a grade for diaphragms and bellows that need flexibility[6]
- NAFLON (PTFE sheet, rod, pipe) (NICHIAS)Machined stock. The catalog writes NAFLON®[2]
- TECAFLON PTFE (Ensinger)Ensinger product name[1]
🔧Machinability notes (as stated in the sources)
- PTFE has low strength and a large coefficient of linear thermal expansion, so machining to tight tolerances is especially difficult. This must be considered from the design stage (Ensinger)[7]
- The coefficient of linear thermal expansion increases as temperature rises. For NICHIAS pure PTFE in the machine direction (MD), it is 11 at 25–100°C and 17 at 25–250°C (×10⁻⁵/°C). Values also differ between the machine direction and the cross direction (CD) (10 at 25–100°C)[2]
- NICHIAS NAFLON PTFE rod is made by ram extrusion or compression molding of raw powder into rod, and serves as stock to be machined into electrical and mechanical parts[2]
📚Sources
Primary sources (public documents from makers, industry associations and standards bodies), numbered where each value is cited. Many are in Japanese.
- ensingerplastics.com https://ensingerplastics.com/en-gb/shapes/tecaflon-ptfe-natural
- nichias.co.jp https://nichias.co.jp/cms/nichias/pdf/catalog/T08.pdf
- store.astm.org https://store.astm.org/d1710-15r21.html
- mapal.com https://mapal.com/medias/sys_master/root/hea/hd5/10787307716638/MMG-2025__EN/MMG-2025-EN.p…
- sandvik.coromant.com https://www.sandvik.coromant.com/en-us/knowledge/materials/workpiece-materials
- daikinchemicals.com https://www.daikinchemicals.com/library/pb_common/pdf/tds/Fluoropolymers/POLYFLON_PTFE_M-S…
- ensingerplastics.com https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en/thermoplastic-materials/ptfe-material/ptfe-machining
- iso.org https://www.iso.org/standard/80331.html
- iso.org https://www.iso.org/standard/68422.html
- store.astm.org https://store.astm.org/d3294-22.html
- store.astm.org https://store.astm.org/d3294-15.html
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