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SUS316
ISO M (stainless steel)Stainless steel bars (austenitic, Mo-bearing). Standard: JIS G 4303 (bars) / JIS G 4304 and G 4305 (sheets and plates).
🌐International equivalents
“Close” means composition or properties are not exactly the same. Before substituting, check the values in each standard.
| System | Designation | Number | Relation | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JIS | SUS316 | JIS G 4303 (bars) / JIS G 4304 and G 4305 (sheets and plates) | — | |
| AISI | 316 | UNS S31600 | equivalent | Agrees in 2+ sources[9][10][11] |
| EN | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | 1.4401 | close | Agrees in 2+ sources[9][10][12] |
| ISO | X5CrNiMo17-12-2ISO 15510 number 4401-316-00-I | 4401-316-00-I | close | One source / reference[9] |
| GB | 06Cr17Ni12Mo2former grade 0Cr17Ni12Mo2; the unified numerical code in the Japan Stainless Steel Association's table is S31608 | S31608 | close | Agrees in 2+ sources[12][11][9] |
Differences between the equivalents (from the sources)
- AISI 316: Agrees between the Japan Stainless Steel Association's comparison table with foreign standards (based on ISO 15510:2010), DEW's datasheet, Kyocera's comparison table and Baosteel's catalog. 316 in ASTM A276 has C ≤0.08, Cr 16.0–18.0, Ni 10.0–14.0 and Mo 2.0–3.0 (as stated by DEW), the same ranges as JIS
- EN X5CrNiMo17-12-2: Agrees between the Japan Stainless Steel Association's comparison table, DEW and Baosteel (the Association also lists 1.4436 X3CrNiMo17-12-3 in the same row). 1.4401 in EN 10088-3 has C ≤0.07, Cr 16.5–18.5, Ni 10.0–13.0, Mo 2.0–2.5 and N ≤0.10 (DEW), so its upper limits for Ni and Mo are lower than JIS (Ni 10–14, Mo 2–3)
- GB 06Cr17Ni12Mo2: In Baosteel's stainless steel long products catalog, 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 = S31600, 316 = SUS316 = 1.4401. Kyocera's comparison table matches the former grade 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 with SUS316. S31608 appears only in the Japan Stainless Steel Association's table. The grade name in GB/T 20878-2024 was not confirmed
📄Related specifications (AMS, ASTM etc.)
Specifications called up on purchase orders and drawings. AMS are SAE aerospace material specifications, split by product form (bar, plate, forging), melting practice and heat treatment. Standard texts are paid, so only titles and scopes checked on the publishers’ public pages are shown.
| Spec | Scope | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM A276/A276M | Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesStainless steel bars and shapes. DEW's 1.4401 datasheet gives the composition of 316 according to ASTM A276. The current edition is A276/A276M-25 | One source / reference[14][10] |
| ASTM A240/A240M | Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General ApplicationsStainless steel plate, sheet and strip. That 316 is covered by this standard was not confirmed on the public ASTM page; it is listed as a representative standard for specifying sheet and plate overseas | One source / reference[15] |
All ASTM standards on Kezuriba: ASTM standards quick reference.
⚗Chemical composition (mass %)
As specified in JIS (Japan Stainless Steel Association JIS steel grade composition table / Nippon Steel stainless steel bars)
⚖Density
7.98 g/cm³
The "basic mass" of 7.98 in Nippon Steel's cold-rolled steel sheet catalog and the 7980 kg/m³ in Aichi Steel's catalog agree. Sanyo Special Steel's catalog gives a specific gravity of 8.03 (it also gives 8.03 for SUS304, higher than other companies), and DEW (EN 1.4401) gives 8.0 kg/dm³
Calculate weight in SUS316 →💪Mechanical properties
“Reference” values are not specified minimums from the standard but figures published by makers and others.
| Condition | Tensile MPa | Yield MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Type of value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bars (JIS G 4303) solution heat treated 1010–1150℃, rapid cooling | ≥ 520 | ≥ 205 | ≥ 40 | HBW 187 max / HRBW 90 max / HV 200 max | JIS specified value (as listed in the Sanyo Special Steel and Aichi Steel catalogs) Agrees in 2+ sources[6][7] |
| Cold-rolled steel sheet (JIS G 4305, solution heat treated) | ≥ 520 | ≥ 205 | ≥ 40 | HV 200 max | JIS specified value (sheet; as listed in Nippon Steel's stainless cold-rolled steel sheet catalog) One source / reference[8] |
1 MPa ≈ 145 psi (0.145 ksi). Hardness conversion · unit converter
🔧Machinability notes (as stated in the sources)
- In the Japan Stainless Steel Association's machinability comparison (from the Stainless Steel Data Book, Home Appliances volume), among the austenitic grades SUS316 and SUS321 are placed in the lowest group, below the group of SUS301 and SUS304[13]
- In Aichi Steel's turning test (tool SKH4, depth of cut 1 mm, feed 0.2 mm/rev, no cutting oil), the tool life curves show that at the same tool life the cutting speed of SUS316 is slightly higher than that of SUS304 and SUS302 (example: about 60 m/min at a tool life of about 0.2 min, about 30 m/min at about 90 min)[7]
- Sandvik Coromant states that for austenitic stainless steels, work hardening makes the surface and chips hard and causes notch wear, built-up edge also occurs, and machinability is about 60%[3]
- DEW's datasheet rates the machinability (Spanbarkeit) of 1.4401 as "mittel" (medium)[10]
📚Sources
Primary sources (public documents from makers, industry associations and standards bodies), numbered where each value is cited. Many are in Japanese.
- jssa.gr.jp https://www.jssa.gr.jp/contents/products/standards/jis/austenite/
- nipponsteel.com https://www.nipponsteel.com/product/catalog_download/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2025/10/06/S011…
- sandvik.coromant.com https://www.sandvik.coromant.com/en-us/knowledge/materials/workpiece-materials
- kyocera.co.jp https://www.kyocera.co.jp/prdct/tool/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/2024-2026_A.pdf
- sumitool.com https://www.sumitool.com/downloads/cutting-tools/general-catalog/assets/pdf/a.pdf
- sanyo-steel.co.jp https://www.sanyo-steel.co.jp/english/product/special_steel/images/pdf/stainless_201712.pd…
- aichi-steel.co.jp https://www.aichi-steel.co.jp/_assets/dl/products/stainless_company/stainless_catalog.pdf
- nipponsteel.com https://www.nipponsteel.com/product/catalog_download/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2025/10/06/S008…
- jssa.gr.jp https://www.jssa.gr.jp/contents/products/standards/comparisons/
- swisssteel-group.com https://swisssteel-group.com/content-media/documents/Data-Sheets/Stainless-Steel/1.4401_de…
- kyocera.co.jp https://www.kyocera.co.jp/prdct/tool/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/R_2016.pdf
- esales.baosteel.com http://esales.baosteel.com/bsi/ologin/pdf/cpscxz/cpscxz1601.pdf
- jssa.gr.jp https://www.jssa.gr.jp/contents/about_stainless/selections/performances/
- store.astm.org https://store.astm.org/a0276_a0276m-24a.html
- store.astm.org https://store.astm.org/a0240_a0240m-22a.html
Other materials
Stainless steel